Table 2 New Articulations of PPH and Health Equity: 3 Case Studies

Vulnerability Indexes: Macharia et al 2020 [15]

Definition of PPH: “Fighting the COVID-19 pandemic calls for precision public health reflecting our improved understanding of who is most vulnerable and what makes them more vulnerable, where the disease is spreading or likely to spread fastest, and where current interventions may not work as intended.”

Path to Health Equity: “The [vulnerability] indices…presents tools that can be used by the Kenyan government and stakeholders to [create] a better plan by prioritising subcounties that are moderate to highly vulnerable.”

Near Real-Time Surveillance: De La Cerda et al 2023 [33]

Definition of PPH: “What we present here is a case for precision public health that uses new technologies to improve local public health efforts by generating tailored and spatially targeted interventions.”

Path to Health Equity: “Our experiences and findings advocate not only for strong agency-academic collaborations but also for improved, granular population surveillance data sources on a national scale that can be leveraged to target interventions and deliver the correct intervention to the high-risk population in a timely manner.”

Pathogen Sequencing: Maison et al 2022 [13]

Definition of PPH: “Precision public health genomics is a public health policy tool to track the spread of viruses…For precision public health genomics to be effective during the COVID-19 pandemic, high-throughput sequencing and high-speed, low-cost sequence data analysis, and robust phylogenetics are necessary.”

Path to Health Equity: “The conclusion from defining the origin of VOC in Hawai’i is that California is the primary source of VOC circulating in Hawai’i. Additional screening and quarantining of the travelers from California while vacationing in Hawai’i will protect the local population from evasive SARS-CoV-2 VOC.”