Table 1 Depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), cut-off score (≥ 10), according to social dimensions and covariables; German National cohort (NAKO), N = 204,783
|  | % in the sample | % PHQ-9 > = 10 (95% CI) | p Value* | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Â | 7.4 (7.3, 7.5) | Â | Â |
Education |  |  | < 0.001 | |
 Low | 2.7 | 13.9 (13.0, 14.9) |  | |
 Intermediate | 42.2 | 9.0 (8.9, 9.2) |  | |
 High | 55.1 | 5.8 (5.6, 5.9) |  | |
Gender |  |  | < 0.001 | |
 Men | 49.5 | 5.9 (5.8, 6.1) |  | |
 Women | 50.5 | 8.8 (8.6, 9.0) |  | |
History of migration |  |  | < 0.001 | |
 Non-migrants | 83.1 | 6.9 (6.8, 7.1) |  | |
 1st generation migrants, without German citizenship | 5.1 | 9.2 (8.6, 9.7) |  | |
 1st generation migrants, German citizenship | 5.2 | 9.8 (9.2, 10.4) |  | |
 Descendants of migrants | 5.0 | 9.7 (9.1, 10.3) |  | |
 Resettlers | 1.7 | 9.0 (8.1, 10.0) |  | |
Age groups |  |  | < 0.001 | |
 < 40 | 20.3 | 8.8 (8.5, 9.1) |  | |
 40–59 | 52.7 | 8.1 (7.9, 8.3) |  | |
 ≥ 60 | 27.0 | 4.9 (4.7, 5.1) |  | |