Table 1 Sample distribution and prevalence of AHS use, with p-values for chi-square test by sex
| Â | Total | Male | Female | p-valor | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (192.656) | % | N (95.786) | % (49.7) | N (96.870) | % (50.3) | ||
Age | |||||||
 14 | 37.498 | 19.5 | 18.377 | 19.2 | 19.121 | 19.7 |  |
 15 | 45.185 | 23.5 | 22.426 | 23.4 | 22.759 | 23.5 |  |
 16 | 49.482 | 25.7 | 24.308 | 25.4 | 25.174 | 26.0 |  < .001 |
 17 | 44.445 | 23.1 | 22.088 | 23.1 | 22.358 | 23.1 |  |
 18 | 16.045 | 8.3 | 8.587 | 9.0 | 7.458 | 7.7 |  |
Years | |||||||
 2010 | 31.967 | 16.6 | 15.595 | 16.3 | 16.372 | 16.9 |  |
 2012 | 27.503 | 14.3 | 13.879 | 14.5 | 13.624 | 14.1 |  |
 2014 | 37.486 | 19.5 | 18.505 | 19.3 | 18.981 | 19.6 |  |
 2016 | 35.369 | 18.4 | 17.880 | 18.7 | 17.489 | 18.1 |  < 0.001 |
 2018 | 38.010 | 19.7 | 18.579 | 19.4 | 19.431 | 20.1 |  |
 2021 | 22.321 | 11.6 | 11.348 | 11.8 | 10.973 | 11.3 |  |
Maternal educational level | |||||||
 Primary school or lower | 29.354 | 15.2 | 12.941 | 13.5 | 16.413 | 16.9 |  |
 Secondary school | 77.458 | 40.2 | 37.882 | 39.5 | 39.576 | 40.9 |  < 0.001 |
 Higher studies | 54.339 | 28.2 | 27.446 | 28.7 | 26.893 | 27.8 |  |
 Missing | 31.505 | 16.4 | 17.517 | 18.3 | 13.988 | 14.4 |  |
Paternal educational level | |||||||
 Primary school or lower | 30.691 | 15.9 | 14.024 | 14.6 | 16.667 | 17.2 |  |
 Secondary school | 74.275 | 38.6 | 36.938 | 38.6 | 37.337 | 38.5 |  < 0.001 |
 Higher studies | 46.807 | 24.3 | 23.910 | 25.0 | 22.897 | 23.6 |  |
 Missing | 40.883 | 21.2 | 20.914 | 21.8 | 19.969 | 20.6 |  |
Parental educational level | |||||||
 Both primary school | 17.285 | 9.0 | 7.623 | 8.0 | 9.662 | 10.0 |  |
 Only one secondary school | 66.678 | 34.6 | 32.641 | 34.1 | 34.037 | 35.1 |  < 0.001 |
 Only one higher education | 30.620 | 15.9 | 15.362 | 16.0 | 15.257 | 15.7 |  |
 Both higher education | 32.251 | 16.7 | 16.460 | 17.2 | 15.791 | 16.3 |  |
 Missing | 45.822 | 23.8 | 23.700 | 24.7 | 22.123 | 22.8 |  |
Maternal occupational status | |||||||
 Unemployed or others | 61.256 | 31.8 | 30.025 | 31.3 | 31.231 | 32.2 |  |
 Employed | 123.881 | 64.3 | 61.636 | 64.3 | 62.245 | 64.3 |  < 0.01 |
 Missing | 7.519 | 3.9 | 4.125 | 4.3 | 3.394 | 3.5 |  |
Paternal occupational status | |||||||
 Unemployed or others | 23.738 | 12.3 | 11.392 | 11.9 | 12.346 | 12.7 |  < 0.001 |
 Employed | 153.430 | 79.6 | 76.848 | 80.2 | 76.582 | 79.1 |  |
 Missing | 15.488 | 8.0 | 7.546 | 7.9 | 7.942 | 8.2 |  |
Parental occupational status | |||||||
 Both unemployed or others | 7.009 | 3.6 | 3.264 | 3.4 | 3.744 | 3.9 |  < 0.001 |
 Only one employed | 58.747 | 30.5 | 28.982 | 30.3 | 29.766 | 30.7 |  |
 Both employed | 104.279 | 54.1 | 52.397 | 54.7 | 51.882 | 53.6 |  |
 Missing | 22.621 | 11.7 | 11.143 | 11.6 | 11.478 | 11.8 |  |
Last year’s AHS consumption | Prevalence (%) | ||||||
 2010 | 9.6 | 7.1 | 12.0 |  | |||
 2012 | 11.6 | 8.4 | 14.9 |  | |||
 2014 | 10.8 | 7.7 | 13.8 |  < 0.001 | |||
 2016 | 11.6 | 8.8 | 14.4 |  | |||
 2018 | 12.5 | 9.8 | 15.1 |  | |||
 2021 | 13.6 | 9.7 | 17.6 |  | |||