Table 3 Associations of demographic and socioeconomic characteristics with latent class membership with reference to low-risk Class 1 based on multinomial logistic regression

(Lifestyle risk with distress)

(Obesity risk)

(Obesity and Lifestyle risks with distress)

(High-risk)

aOR (95% CI)

aOR (95% CI)

aOR (95% CI)

aOR (95% CI)

Age

0.99 (0.93, 1.06)

1.00 (0.97, 1.03)

1.01 (0.98, 1.04)

1.11 (1.05, 1.16)

Female gender

0.33 (0.14, 0.78)

2.72 (1.27, 5.81)

0.96 (0.52, 1.79)

0.22 (0.07, 0.74)

Currently married

0.59 (0.20, 1.73)

2.42 (1.06, 5.51)

1.26 (0.63, 2.50)

0.63 (0.16, 2.45)

Household size

1.04 (0.85, 1.26)

1.11 (0.98, 1.27)

1.09 (0.95, 1.26)

1.06 (0.86, 1.31)

Ethnicity

 Indian

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 Pakistani

8.03 (2.66, 24.28)

3.12 (1.62, 6.04)

3.65 (1.89, 7.06)

1.76 (0.53, 5.88)

 Nepalese

2.79 (0.82, 9.50)

2.18 (1.20, 3.99)

2.22 (1.23, 4.00)

2.73 (1.08, 6.94)

 Others

1.44 (0.27, 7.64)

1.73 (0.73, 4.07)

1.00 (0.40, 2.52)

1.15 (0.29, 4.55)

Length of stay in Hong Kong

 Born in Hong Kong

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 < 4 years

1.15 (0.24, 5.44)

2.78 (1.05, 7.34)

0.74 (0.27, 1.98)

0.52 (0.06, 4.56)

 4–7 years

3.23 (0.82, 12.69)

2.67 (0.99, 7.21)

1.70 (0.68, 4.28)

1.30 (0.22, 7.77)

 > 7 years

0.98 (0.28, 3.41)

2.59 (1.20, 5.59)

1.29 (0.64, 2.61)

1.61 (0.39, 6.72)

Education

 Primary or below

ref

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 Secondary

0.90 (0.32, 2.54)

0.76 (0.42, 1.39)

0.56 (0.31, 1.00)

0.11 (0.04, 0.31)

 Post-secondary

1.94 (0.61, 6.14)

1.00 (0.48, 2.08)

1.04 (0.52, 2.07)

0.20 (0.05, 0.79)

 Economically inactive

0.99 (0.38, 2.57)

1.83 (1.07, 3.14)

0.79 (0.45, 1.38)

1.34 (0.49, 3.66)

 On CSSA

0.66 (0.17, 2.50)

1.29 (0.64, 2.63)

1.57 (0.76, 3.23)

1.69 (0.58, 5.00)