Table 1 Characteristics of the publications included in the qualitative synthesis
No. | Main author & year | Study design | Sample size | Units of analysis | Disease group | Sample’s sex | Age (years) | Region | Country of research | Research context | Impact | Impacts dimensions | Outcomes | Factors associated to the impacts of NCDs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Kumar et al. (2020) | A cross-sectional | 93,925 | Hospital discharges | > 1 NCD | Both | All ages | Asia | India | Local | Social-Economic | Gender equality + Poverty + Costs medical directors | Gender inequity in health care, they experience financial difficulties and Catastrophic health expenses | Social: Gender (woman), age (young and old) and income / System. Health: Low health coverage |
2 | Shugarman et al. (2008) | A cross-sectional | 13,120 | Deaths | Cancer | Both | ≥ 68 | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs | Social: Gender (women) and age (75–84) / Sist. Health: serv. social support |
3 | Feletto et al. (2019) | Review article | Not specified | Publications | Cancer | Does not apply | Does not apply | Oceania | Australia | Local | Economic | Indirect costs | Costs due to lost labor productivity | Social: Gender (woman), inequity in labor remuneration and unpaid work |
4 | Greimel et al. (1998) | A cross-sectional | 227 | Patients | Cancer | Both | All ages | North America | USA | Local | Social | Gender equality + Quality of life | Gender inequality in health care and Disability | Social: Gender (woman), health condition (physical limitations), poor social resources / Health condition: Perception of health status and comorbidity. |
5 | Jacobs-Lawson et al. (2010) | A cross-sectional | 100 | Patients | Cancer | Both | ≥ 18 | North America | USA | Local | Social | Quality of life | Health condition | Social: Gender (woman), religion (practices) and social networks. |
6 | Bugge et al. (2021) | Observational study | 64,694 | Deaths | Cancer | Both | All ages | Europe | Norway | Local | Social | Right to health + Gender equality repercussions | Use of health services, quality of care and gender inequality in health care | Social: Gender (female), age (≥ 60), gender (male-Direct medical costs) / Health condition: Type of cancer / Sist. Health: Quality of care and Use of Serv. Health |
7 | Katz et al. (2003) | A cross-sectional | 82 | Patients | Cancer | Both | 24 to 85 | North America | Canada | Local | Social | Quality of life | Quality of life | Social: Gender (female) and low social support networks / Health condition: Type of cancer (face): Disfigurement |
8 | Carrero et al. (2017) | Review article | Not specified | Publications | CKD | Does not apply | Does not apply | Europe | Sweden | Global | Social | Gender equality + Right to health | Gender inequality in health care and quality of care | Social: Gender (woman) / System. Health: Health access and quality of care. |
9 | Azad et al. (2005) | Review article | Not specified | Publications | CVD | Does not apply | Does not apply | North America | Canada | Global | Social | Gender equality + Right to health | Gender inequality in health care and quality of care | Social: Gender (woman) / System. Health: Quality of health care and type of treatment |
10 | Bhuyan et al. (2017) | A cross-sectional | 14,226 | Participants | CVD | Both | ≥ 18 | North America | USA | Local | Social | Right to health + Gender equality repercussions | Access to medicines and Women with limited resources | Social: Gender (woman), poverty and low income / Sist. Health: No access to health insurance |
11 | Möller-Leimkühler et al. (2007) | Review article | Not specified | Publications | CVD | Does not apply | Does not apply | Europe | Germany | Global | Social | Gender equality + Quality of life | Gender inequality in health care and health condition | Social: Gender (woman) and SES / Health condition: psychosocial factors (depression) / Sist. health: quality of care |
12 | Murasko et al. (2006) | A cross-sectional | General sample: 13,271 men and 15,091 women / CVD sample: 1,754 men and 1,789 women | Participants | CVD | Both | 45 to 64 | North America | USA | Local | Social | Right to health | Access to health insurance and use of health services | Social: Gender (woman) / System. Health: Low access to health insurance and low use of services. Health |
13 | Mateo-Rodríguez et al. (2021) | Literature review | Not specified | Publications | CVD | Does not apply | Does not apply | Europe | Spain | Global | Social | Gender equality + Quality of life | Gender inequality in health care and health condition | Social: Gender (woman) / System. Health: Access to health insurance and quality of care |
14 | Basu et al. (2010) | A cross-sectional | 81,307 | Participants | CVD | Both | Not specified | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs | Social: Gender (female) and age (older) |
15 | Gulbins et al. (2013) | Review article | Not specified | Publications | CVD | Does not apply | Does not apply | North America | USA | Global | Economic-social | Medical director costs + Gender equality repercussions + Quality of life | Health Care Costs (Treatment), Gender Inequity in Health Care, and Health Condition | Social: Gender (woman) / System. Health: Quality care (preventive Tx) |
16 | Shaw et al. (2017) | Review article | Not specified | Publications | CVD | Does not apply | Does not apply | North America | USA | Global | Social | Gender equality repercussions | Gender inequality in health care | Social: Gender (woman) / System. Health: Low quality of health care |
17 | Morris et al. (2019) | A cross-sectional | 13 countries: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. | Indicators by country | CVD | Both | 25 to 64 | North America | USA | Regional | Social-Economic | Gender equality repercussions + Indirect costs | Gender equity in health, Mortality and Morbidity: Years of life lost | Social: Gender (both) / Social Policy: Public spending on paid parental leave, public spending on job training (men) and public employment services (women). |
18 | Worrall-Carter et al. (2012) | Review article | Not specified | Publications | CVD | Does not apply | Does not apply | Oceania | Australia | Global | Social | Gender equality + Right to health | Gender equity in health, Access to health services and Quality of care | Social: Gender (female), low SES, rural or remote areas, being indigenous, cultural and historical perceptions of CVD, and social role (responsibilities) |
19 | Lou et al. (2012) | A cross-sectional | 5,650 | Patients | RespD | Both | 40 to 75 | Asia | China | Local | Social-Economic | Gender equality repercussions + Medical director costs + Indirect costs | Gender inequity in health care, Costs of health care (ambulatory, hospital and medicines) and Costs due to Loss of Labor Productivity | Social: Gender (woman), habits.- smoking (men) vs. biofuel use (woman) and low SES / Syst. Health: lack of financial protection in health and quality of care. |
20 | Shrestha et al. (2013) | A cross-sectional | 200 | Participants | T2DM | Both | 44 to 70 | Asia | Nepal | Local | Social | Gender equality + Right to health | Gender inequality in health care and quality of care | Social: Gender (female) and low educational level |
21 | Kim et al. (2020) | Qualitative study | 11,216 | Participants | T2DM | Both | 30 to 55 | Asia | South Korea | Local | Social | Employment level + Gender equality repercussions + Right to health | Decrease in employment or unemployment, labor gender inequality and access to health insurance | Social: Gender (woman), age, employment status and unemployment / Sist. Health: Access to national health insurance / Health condition: Dx T2DM |
22 | Bhuyan et al. (2018) | A cross-sectional | 5260 men y 6188 women | Patients | T2DM | Both | 18+ | North America | USA | Local | Social-Economic | Right to health + Quality of life + Direct medical costs | Access to medicines, Non-adherence to medicines and Costs of medicines | Social: Gender (female), age (young), low SES and habit (smoking) / Health condition: functional limitations and perceived health (poor) / Sist. Health: (WITHOUT) health insurance and (WITHOUT) health institution. |
23 | Verma et al. (2021) | A cross-sectional | 2014: 26,816 / 2017-18: 38,835 | Households and Individuals | > 1 NCD | Both | All ages | Asia | India | Local | Economic-social | Direct Medical Costs + Poverty | Catastrophic Health Expenses and Impoverishment | Social: Income, low SES, poverty, rural area / Sist. Health: Health insurance coverage and private health services |
24 | Choi et al. (2015) | A cross-sectional | 7,006 | Households | > 1 NCD | Both | 20 to 79 | Asia | South Korea | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Catastrophic health expenses | Social: Type of head (female), age, low SES, presence of elderly and family member with NCD / Policy: Recipients of the Korean medical assistance program, financial protection against catastrophic health expenses |
25 | Carrillo González et al. (2014) | A cross-sectional | 50 | Caregivers | > 1 NCD | Both | ≥ 18 | Latin America | Colombia | Local | Social | Gender equality repercussions | Burden and responsibility as a caregiver | Social: Sex (women), age, low SES and with family social networks. |
26 | Jayasinghe et al. (2013) | A cross-sectional | Doctors: 193 and Patients: 2181 | Doctors and patients | > 1 NCD | Both | ≥ 18 | Oceania | Australia | Local | Social | Gender equality + Quality of life | Gender inequality in health care and quality of life | Social: Sex (female), employment status, age (< 39 years) and health status |
27 | Kwan et al. (2020) | A cross-sectional | 379 | Patients | > 1 NCD | Both | ≥ 18 | North America | Haiti | Local | Social | Right to health + Poverty | Access to health services and financial stress | Social: Sex (female), area of residence (rural) and low SES (poverty) and financial difficulty. |
28 | Giang et al. (2020) | A cross-sectional | 2,038 | Participants | > 1 NCD | Both | Not specified | Asia | Vietnam | Local | Social-Economic | Right to health + Direct medical costs | Utilization of health services, Out-of-pocket health expenses and Financial toxicity | System Health: (WITHOUT) health insurance, high level hospitalizations / Social: Age (> 65 years), very low SES, Type of head (female), (WITH) elderly people or children < 6 years / Health condition: Comorbidities |
29 | Blomgren et al. (2016) | Case-control study | Cases: 24,389 and controls: 24,389 | Participants | > 1 NCD | Both | 25 to 64 | Europe | Finland | Local | Economic-social | Direct medical costs + Quality of life | About indebtedness and Quality of life | Social: Sex (female), age (older adults) and over-indebtedness. |
30 | Valtorta et al. (2013) | Systematic review | 35 | Publications | > 1 NCD | Does not apply | Does not apply | Europe | United Kingdom | Global | Economic | Direct Medical Costs + Direct Non-Medical Costs + Indirect Costs | Health care costs over HS, Health care costs and costs due to lost labor productivity | Social: Age ( > = 65 years), perception of health needs, annual income < 30,000 and low SES |
31 | Murphy et al. (2020) | A cross-sectional | 18 countries by income level. 51,920 households: • Households with a person with an NCD: 17,435 • Hypertension: 11,831 Without any: 22.654 | Countries and households | > 1 NCD | Both | Not specified | Europe | United Kingdom | Global | Economic-social | Direct medical costs + Direct non-medical costs + Poverty | Out-of-pocket expenses on health and impoverishment | Structural: country income (higher risk in low- and middle-income countries and China) / Social: Households with family members with NCDs and sex (female) / Sist. Health: Financial protection in health |
32 | Longo et al. (2011) | A cross-sectional | 282 | Patients | Cancer | Both | ≥ 18 | North America | Canada | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs + Direct non-medical costs | Out-of-pocket health expenses, Device costs and Costs of care / travel or tickets | Social: Age, sex (female) and income / Syst. health: Limited health insurance coverage / Health condition: Type of cancer (CaMa) |
33 | Sherwood et al. (2008) | Qualitative study | 22 | Women | Cancer | Women | 36 to 67 | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Direct Medical Costs + Indirect Costs | Health Care Costs and Loss of Income | Social: SES, income, social and family networks / Sist. Health: Type of health insurance |
34 | Ferrier et al. (2021) | Cohort study | 168 | Patients | Cancer | Women | 42 to 57 | Europe | France | Local | Economic-social | Indirect Costs + Share Capital | Costs for work absenteeism and Human Capital | Social: Labor occupation / Health condition: Stage of the disease |
35 | Bradley et al. (2006) | A cross-sectional | 445 | Patients | Cancer | Both | 30 to 64 | North America | USA | Local | Social | Quality of work + Quality of life | Work absenteeism experience and PL loss experience | Social: Sex (female) and employment status / Sist. Health: Type of treatment |
36 | Zheng et al. (2016) | A cross-sectional | 112,701 | Participants | Cancer | Both | ≥ 18 | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Direct Medical Costs + Indirect Costs | Health Care Costs, Disability Costs, and costs due to lost labor productivity | Health condition: Cancer type (colorectal and breast) / Social: Age (≥ 65) |
37 | Insinga (2006) | Economic analysis | 130,377 | Deaths | Cancer | Women | Not specified | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Indirect costs | Costs due to lost labor productivity | System Health: Low coverage in prevention, diagnosis and timely treatment |
38 | Zheng et al. (2022) | Economic analysis | 7,366 | Clinical records | Cancer | Women | Not specified | Asia | China | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs | System Health: Medication expenses, surgery, length of stay, health insurance status and institution level. |
39 | Viñolas et al. (2020) | Cohort study | 333 | Patients | Cancer | Both | 36 to 85 | Europe | Spain | Local | Social | Poverty | worst economic situation | Social: Sex (none), age and family social networks |
40 | Shao et al. (2017) | A cross-sectional | 123 | Patients | Cancer | Women | 44 to 63 | Asia | China | Local | Social | Quality of life + Poverty | Quality of life and worse economic situation | Social: Age, education, low SES and occupation / Sist. Health: Type of health insurance |
41 | Hanly et al. (2012) | A cross-sectional | 358 | Patients | Cancer | Both | All ages | Europe | Ireland | Local | Economic | Indirect costs | Costs due to lost labor productivity | Social: Sex (both), age (youth), income and employment status |
42 | Bradley et al. (2002) | Cohort study | • Households: 7,607 • Individuals: 12,557 | Households and Individuals | Cancer | Women | 51 to 61 | North America | USA | Local | Social | Work quality | labor social integration | Health Condition: Diagnosis of BCa |
43 | Radice et al. (2003) | Review article | Not specified | Publications | Cancer | Does not apply | Does not apply | Europe | Italy | Global | Economic-social | Direct medical costs + Indirect costs + Quality of life | Health care costs on HS, Morbidity and mortality and Quality of life | Health condition: Stage of disease |
44 | Bradley et al. (2002) | Case-control study | 5,974 | Women | Cancer | Women | 51 to 61 | North America | USA | Local | Social | Work quality | Labor inequality, Working time and Wage inequality | Social: labor market |
45 | Li et al. (2013) | Observational study | 88 | Caregivers (couple) | Cancer | Men | 34-80y | North America | USA | Country | Economic | Indirect Costs + Direct Non-Medical Costs | Costs due to lost labor productivity and Costs in caregivers | Social: Employment status (unpaid work: Caregivers) |
46 | The ACTION Study Group (2015) | Cohort study | 6,787 patients from eight countries: Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. | Countries and households | Cancer | Both | ≥ 18 | Oceania | Australia | Regional | Economic-social | Direct Medical Costs + Share Capital | Catastrophic Health Expenditures and Premature Death | Social: Age, sex (men at death), and educational level, household income, experience of economic hardship, and paid employment status. / SYst. Health: Safe access to health. |
47 | Leng et al. (2019) | Observational study | 792 | Deaths | Cancer | Both | All ages | Asia | China | Local | Economic-social | Direct Medical Costs + Poverty | Catastrophic Health Expenses and Impoverishment | Social: Income |
48 | Houts et al. (1985) | A cross-sectional | 185 | Patients | Cancer | Both | 16 to 76 | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Financial risk for health care | Social: Age, race, income, and region. / System Health: Health insurance |
49 | Bouknight et al. (2006) | A cross-sectional | 416 | Patients | Cancer | Women | 30 to 64 | North America | USA | Local | Social | Work quality | Labor condition to the Dx and labor reinstatement | Social: Working conditions |
50 | Miranda et al. (2021) | Economic analysis | 4,495 | Patients | Cancer | Women | < 40 to ≥ 70 | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs on HS | System Health: Recent Diagnosis of cancer |
51 | Singh et al. (2020) | A cross-sectional | Not specified | Patients | Cancer | Women | 45 to 60 | Asia | India | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs | Social: Low income / Sist. Health: Low health coverage and inadequate financial protection |
52 | Eaglehouse et al. (2016) | Observational study | 2,666 | Women | Cancer | Women | 40 to 64 | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs on HS | Social: Age / Sist. Health: Type of health insurance and beneficiaries |
53 | Lindbohm et al. (2014) | Observational study | 914 patients from four countries: Denmark, Finland, Iceland and Norway. | Cancer survivors | Cancer | Women | < 65 | Europe | Finland | Regional | Social | Employment level + Quality of life | Unemployment and Quality of Life | Social: Low educational level / Health condition: Stage of the disease and low functional status |
54 | Yue et al. (2020) | A cross-sectional | 477 (Weight: 609787) | Patients | Cancer | Women | ≥ 21 | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs | Social: Income (low and medium) and region / Sist. Health: Type of health insurance (private) |
55 | Zhang et al. (2017) | A cross-sectional | 195 | Cancer survivors | Cancer | Both | All ages | Asia | China | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs | System Health: Low health insurance coverage / Social: sex (male) and area (urban) |
56 | Sargazi et al. (2022) | Economic analysis | Cancer incidence: 3,500 and Cancer prevalence: 10,000 | Patients | Cancer | Women | Not specified | Asia | Iran | Local | Economic | Direct Medical Costs + Direct Non-Medical Costs + Indirect Costs | Health Care Costs, Transportation, Lodging, and Food, costs due to lost labor productivity for Disability, Absenteeism, or Early Death | Social: Sex (woman), cultural aspects / Syst. Health: Quality of health care / Health condition: Stage 1, type of cancer (ovarian and endometrial) |
57 | Borget et al. (2011) | Economic analysis | 52,099 | Patients | Cancer | Both | Not specified | Europe | France | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs on HS | Health condition: Type of cancer (Men: head and neck Ca, women: invasive BCu and head and neck Ca) |
58 | Préaud et al. (2013) | Revisión de alcance | 21 | Publications | Cancer | Does not apply | Does not apply | Europe | France | Regional | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs | Social: Sex (men) / Health condition: Type of cancer attributed to HPV (Not CC) |
59 | Sasser et al. (2005) | Case-control study | 12,154 | Women | Cancer | Women | 50 to 64 | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Direct Medical Costs + Indirect Costs | Health Care Costs, Disability Costs, and Absenteeism Costs | Social: High use of medical services and labor condition (loss of work) / Health condition: Postmenopausal. |
60 | Yun et al. (2005) | Economic analysis | 704 | Caregivers | Cancer | Both | All ages | Asia | South Korea | Local | Social-Economic | Quality of life + Indirect costs | Quality of life and Loss of family income | Social: Poverty, marital status (married), high health expenses, long-term caregivers / Health condition: Poor health condition |
61 | Mullins et al. (2004) | Cohort study | 5,765 | Patients | Cancer | Both | ≥ 18 | North America | USA | Local | Economic-social | Direct medical costs + Gender equality repercussions | Health Care Costs and Inequity in Health Care | Social: sex (both), low SES and area of residence (suburban) |
62 | Hensley et al. (2005) | A cross-sectional | 245 | Patients | Cancer | Women | 26 to 76 | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs | System Health: Access Serv. Health / Social: Age (young) and low income |
63 | Ell et al. (2008) | A cross-sectional | 487 | Patients | Cancer | Women | ≥ 50 | North America | USA | Local | Social | Quality of life + Poverty | Quality of life, Experience of loss of productivity and Worse economic situation | Social: Unemployment, health expenses and income |
64 | Priyadarshini et al. (2021) | Economic analysis | 7,085 | Deaths | Cancer | Both | Not specified | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Indirect costs | Costs due to lost labor productivity | Social: sex (both) / Health condition: Type of cancer (women - cervicouterine and men - anus and oropharyngeal) / System. Health: Preventive program (HPV vaccines) |
65 | Knaul et al. (2009) | Cohort study | Osteoporosis: 2314, BCa: 555, CVD: 1710 and Controls: 7575 | Diagnosed cases | Cancer | Women | Not specified | North America | Mexico | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs on HS | Health condition: Advanced stages / Sist. Health: Late diagnosis |
66 | Zajacova et al. (2015) | A cross-sectional | With cancer: 1117 / Without cancer: 15,856 | Participants | Cancer | Both | 25 to 64 | North America | USA | Local | Social | Employment level + Poverty | Decrease in employment or unemployment, Lower labor market and Decrease in income | Social: sex (man), labor market, low SES |
67 | Kim et al. (2014) | A cross-sectional | 830 | Cancer survivors | Cancer | Both | > 18 | Asia | South Korea | Local | Social | Employment level + Quality of life | Decrease in employment or unemployment, Experience of loss of productivity and Quality of life | Social: Sex (female), age (advanced), low educational level, low income, employment status / Health condition: Comorbidity. |
68 | Yabroff et al. (2008) | A cross-sectional | Men < 65: 69.6 vs. > = 65: 1446.5 / Women < 65: 60.2 vs. > = 65: 883.7 | Deaths | Cancer | Both | Not specified | North America | USA | Country | Economic | Indirect costs | Cost per Potential Years of Life Lost | Social: sex (both), population dynamics and life expectancy |
69 | Ekwueme et al. (2008) | Economic analysis | Not specified | Women | Cancer | Women | 50 to 74 | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs | Social: Gender (female), race (non-Hispanic) |
70 | Kim et al. (2008) | A cross-sectional | 311,759 | Patients | Cancer | Both | All ages | Asia | South Korea | Local | Economic | Direct Medical Costs + Indirect Costs | Health care costs, costs due to lost labor productivity and Premature death | Social: sex (both) / Sist. Health: Medical fees / Health condition: Type of cancer (stomach, lung, liver, colorectal, breast and cervical) |
71 | Gutiérrez-Delgado et al. (2016) | A cross-sectional | Deaths: 20,526 and cases: 605,758 | Deaths and estimated cases | Cancer | Both | 15–64 | North America | Mexico | Country | Economic | Indirect costs | Lost income costs due to premature death, benefits, disability and non-medical caregiver opportunity. | System Health: Low coverage in prevention and timely diagnosis / Social: sex (male) |
72 | Huang et al. (2017) | A cross-sectional | 2,356 | Patients | Cancer | Both | Not specified | Asia | China | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs | Health condition: Advanced stage of CaCol / Syst. Health: Quality of health care |
73 | Gordon et al. (2007) | Cohort study | 287 | Women | Cancer | Women | Mean: 57 | Oceania | Australia | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs | Social: Age (< 50 years) / Health condition: nodules |
74 | Chen et al. (2021) | Qualitative study | 544 | Patients and couples | Cancer | Both | Not specified | Asia | China | Local | Social | Support networks | couple relationship | Social: Family social networks (couples) and gender (patients - women and couples - men) |
75 | Longo et al. (2006) | A cross-sectional | 282 | Patients | Cancer | Both | 61 to 68 | North America | Canada | Local | Economic-social | Direct medical costs + Direct non-medical costs + Quality of life | Out-of-pocket health expenses, Travel or tickets and Work absenteeism | System Health: Wide coverage / Social: Unemployment, low income and family social networks / Health condition: Stage of the disease |
76 | The ACTION Study Group. (2015) | A cross-sectional | 4 585 surgery patients from eight countries • Cambodia: 111 • Indonesia: 782 • Laos: 50 • Malaysia: 644 • Myanmar: 732 • Philippines: 528 • Thailand: 651 • Vietnam: 1,086 | Patients | Cancer | Both | ≥ 18 | Oceania | Australia | Regional | Economic-social | Direct medical costs + Indirect costs + Gender equality repercussions | Catastrophic Health Expenditures, Mortality and Gender Inequity in Health Care / Low SES | System Health: Health Insurance Status / Social: Low SES |
77 | Chen et al. (2020) | A cross-sectional | 273 | Patients | Cancer | Women | 20 to 79 | North America | USA | Local | Social | Poverty + Right to health | Worse economic situation and Worsened health insurance | Social: Low acculturation |
78 | Rosenzweig et al. (2019) | A cross-sectional | 145 | Patients | Cancer | Women | Not specified | North America | USA | Local | Economic-social | Direct medical costs + Quality of life | Financial Toxicity and Quality of Life | Health condition: Cancer stage (metastatic) / Social: Low income |
79 | Bauer et al. (2020) | Observational study | 49 | Patients | Cancer | Men | Mean: 64.3 | North America | USA | Country | Social | Poverty | Experience financial hardship, Experience financial toxicity, and Experience financial stress | Social: Employment status, race (ethnic minorities), and income level (< 35,000) |
80 | Imber et al. (2020) | Review article | Not specified | Publications | Cancer | Does not apply | Does not apply | North America | USA | Global | Economic | Direct Medical Costs + Indirect Costs | Financial Toxicity, Health Care Costs, and costs due to lost labor productivity | Social: Age (older adults), low SES, ethnic minorities (African Americans) / Syst. Health: Quality of health care |
81 | Chirikos et al. (2002) | Case-control study | 105 | Cancer survivors | Cancer | Women | Not specified | North America | USA | Local | Social-Economic | Quality of life + Indirect costs | Functional impairment, costs due to lost labor productivity, loss of productivity and income | System Health: Access to health insurance / Social: Discrimination |
82 | Huang et al. (2021) | A cross-sectional | 55 countries from six regions: Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, North America and Oceania. | Indicators by country | Cancer | Both | Not specified | Asia | Taiwan | Global | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs on HS | Social: Sex (female) |
83 | Dahlberg et al. (2009) | Cohort study | 53 | Patients | Cancer | Women | 32 to 88 | Europe | Sweden | Local | Economic | Indirect costs | Survival time and Costs of health care (medications & hospitalization) | Health condition: Subtype of tumor and Stage of the disease (cancer) / Social: Age (< 60 years) / Sist. health: Type of therapy and medication |
84 | Krahn et al. (2010) | Case-control study | 42 484 | Patients | Cancer | Men | Not specified | North America | Canada | Country | Economic | Direct medical costs | Medications, hospitalization and emergencies | Health condition: Stage of the disease (advanced) and comorbidities. / Social: Advanced age and low income. |
85 | Vyas et al. (2017) | Cohort study | 69,307 | Clinical records | Cancer | Women | ≥ 66 | North America | USA | Local | Social-Economic | Right to health + Direct medical costs | Utilization of health services, Costs of health care (initial phase) and Determinants of costs | Social: Age (66–69 years), race (African-American), high income / Sist. Health: Quality of health care / Health condition: Advanced stages, comorbidities or mental conditions. |
86 | Ventura-Alfaro et al. (2016) | Ecological study | 182,322 | Hospital discharges | Cancer | Women | ≥ 25 | North America | Mexico | Local | Social | Right to health + Social capital | Access to Health Insurance, Health Disparity, and High Mortality Rates | System Health: No access to health insurance / Structural: Low rate of marginalization |
87 | Vignes et al. (2020) | Cohort study | 134 | Patients | Cancer | Women | Median: 54 | Europe | France | Local | Social | Quality of life | Work capacity and quality of life | Social: Labor networks and work environment |
88 | Cid et al. (2016) | Economic analysis | 1 682 056 | Hospital discharges | Cancer | Both | Not specified | Latin America | Chile | Local | Economic | Direct Medical Costs + Indirect Costs | Costs of health care on HS, Costs due to work absenteeism and Premature death | System Health: Type of health insurance / Social: Sex (Men), age (≥ 65 years) / Health condition: Type of cancer |
89 | Doshmangir et al. (2021) | Systematic review with meta-analysis | 33 (19) | Publications | Cancer | Does not apply | Does not apply | Asia | Iran | Global | Economic | Direct medical costs | Catastrophic health expenses | Structural: Countries with low HDI / Sist. Health: Access to health insurance, health financing mechanisms / Social: Sex (female), age (older adults) and low educational level. / |
90 | Ahmadi et al. (2021) | A cross-sectional | 138 | Patients | Cancer | Women | 32 to 56 | Asia | Iran | Local | Economic-social | Direct Medical Costs + Poverty | Out-of-Pocket Health Spending, Catastrophic Health Spending, and Impoverishing Health Spending | Public policy / Health system: lack of health insurance coverage / Social: Rural areas, radiotherapy, Age (45 to 64), illiterate and single. |
91 | Wan et al. (2013) | A cross-sectional | BCa Metastases: 139, BCa: 432 and Controls: 820. | Patients | Cancer | Women | 18 to 64 | North America | USA | Local | Economic-social | Indirect Costs + Quality of Life | Lost Work Productivity Costs, Disability and Leave Costs | Health condition: Stage of disease |
92 | Oliva-Moreno et al. (2018) | A cross-sectional | 22,716 | Deaths | Cancer | Women | Not specified | Europe | Spain | Local | Economic | Indirect costs | Cost per Potential Years of Life Lost and Premature Death | Social: Age and employment status |
93 | Corman et al. (2019) | Economic analysis | 558,717 | Deaths | Cancer | Women | Not specified | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Indirect costs | Costs due to lost labor productivity | Social: Age and employment status |
94 | Allaire et al. (2016) | Case-control study | Cases: 9912 and Controls: 9912 | Patients | Cancer | Women | 18 to 44 | North America | USA | Local | Economic-social | Direct medical costs + Quality of life | Outpatient Care and Medications and Depression | Social: Age (< 45 years) / System. Health: Quality of health care |
95 | Granados-García et al. (2019) | Observational study | 346 | Patients | Cancer | Women | 41 to 67 | North America | Mexico | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs on HS | System Health: Quality of health care / Health condition: Stage of the disease |
96 | Trogdon et al. (2020) | Case-control study | Bed: 4805 and controls: | Patients | Cancer | Women | ≥ 18 | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs | Social: Sex (female) and age (18 to 44 years) / System. Health: Quality of health care / Health condition: Metastatic cancer. |
97 | Seal et al. (2013) | Observational study | 5,160 | Patients | Cancer | Both | 18 to 64 | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Catastrophic health expenses | Social: Age (18 to 50), sex (men) and region / Sist. Health: Type of health insurance (preferred providers) and Quality of health care / Health condition: Stage of disease (metastasis) and comorbidities |
98 | Bernard et al. (2011) | Economic analysis | 5,815 | Patients | Cancer | Both | Not specified | North America | USA | Local | Economic-social | Direct medical costs + Right to health | Out-of-pocket health expenses and access to health insurance | System Health: Private insurance / Social: Age 55 to 64 years, single, unemployed, low income, low education, non-metropolitan areas / Health condition: comorbidities |
99 | Houts et al. (1984) | Economic analysis | 139 | Patients | Cancer | Both | 16 to 86 | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Direct Non-Medical Costs + Indirect Costs | Out-of-Pocket Non-Medical Health Expenses and Lost Wages (Family) | Social: Distance to places of care, age (youth) and marital status (widow, separation or divorce), |
100 | Lauzier et al. (2011) | A cross-sectional | 800 | Patients | Cancer | Women | 23 to 88 | North America | Canada | Local | Economic-social | Direct medical costs + Direct non-medical costs + Right to health | Out-of-pocket health expenses (radiotherapy), Travel or tickets and Lack of access to health services | Social: Distance from health care services (> 50 km) |
101 | Hanly et al. (2015) | Economic analysis | 344 150 from 30 countries separated into four regions. | Deaths | Cancer | Both | 15 to 64 | Europe | Ireland | Regional | Economic | Indirect costs | Cost per Potential Years of Life Lost and Premature Death | Social: Sex (men) / Health condition: Type of cancer (lung, breast or rectum) |
102 | Bordonaro et al. (2021) | Literature review | 32 | Publications | Cancer | Does not apply | Does not apply | Europe | Italy | Global | Economic-social | Direct medical costs + Quality of work + Quality of life | Out-of-pocket health expenses, work absenteeism and quality of life | System Health: Type of insurance coverage / Social: Age and family income / Health condition: Stage of disease and functional status |
103 | Lauzier et al. (2013) | Cohort study | Patients: 829 and couples: 391 | Patients and couples | Cancer | Women | 23 to 88 | North America | Canada | Local | Economic-social | Direct Medical Costs + Indirect Costs + Poverty | Out-of-pocket health expenses, Lost income and Worst economic situation | System Health: Financial Assistance / Social Policy: Financial Assistance Programs / Social: Loss of Income |
104 | O’Neill et al. (2015) | A cross-sectional | 61 | Patients | Cancer | Women | 34 to 70 | North America | Haiti | Local | Economic-social | Direct non-medical costs + Indirect costs + Poverty | Out-of-pocket health expenses: direct and non-direct, Loss of income and Worst economic situation | System Health: Out-of-pocket expenses for health / Social: head of household (woman), low SES and income |
105 | Rodriguez-Acevedo et al. (2021) | Cohort study | 1965: 451 ProCa, 396 BCa, 160 CRCa and 106 LCa | Participants | Cancer | Both | 40 to 69 | Oceania | Australia | Local | Economic-social | Direct medical costs + Right to health | Out-of-pocket health expenses and type of health insurance | Social: Sex (female) / Health condition: Type of cancer (BMa) / Sist. Health: Type of health insurance (private) or no access to health insurance |
106 | Alemayehu And Damen(2013) | A cross-sectional | 227 | Patients | Cancer | Women | ≥ 15 | Africa | Ethiopia | Local | Economic | Direct Medical Costs + Direct Non-Medical Costs + Indirect Costs | Health care costs (Ambient Care, hospitalization and medicines), Non-prescribed medicines, food and transportation and Loss of income | Health condition: Stage of the disease (Stage II), comorbidities and longer hospital stay / Social: Greater distance from residence, number of employees in the home and occupation (farmer) |
107 | Francisci et al. (2020) | Cohort study | 49,272 | Patients | Cancer | Women | All ages | Europe | Italy | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Hospitalization, diagnosis and treatment | Health condition: Stage of the disease (recent Dx and advanced stages III and IV) / Social: Age (< 50 years) / System. Health: Quality of health care |
108 | de Oliveira et al. (2016) | Observational study | 394,092 | Patients | Cancer | Both | Mean: 63 | North America | Canada | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs on HS | Social: sex (both) / Health condition: Stage of the disease (recent Dx and terminal) and type of cancer (hematological and breast cancer) |
109 | Sherwood et al. (2008) | A cross-sectional | 80 | Caregivers | Cancer | Both | Not specified | North America | USA | Local | Social-Economic | Quality of life + Indirect costs | Lost Productivity, Experienced Work Absenteeism and costs due to lost labor productivity | Social: sex (caregiver.- female), Labor status (employee) / Health condition of the patient: limitations in instrumental activities |
110 | Johnsson et al. (2009) | Cohort study | 102 | Patients | Cancer | Women | 18 to 64 | Europe | Sweden | Local | Social | Quality of life + Quality of work | Loss of productivity and income and Return to work | Social: Type of work (demanding) / Sist. Health: Quality of health care |
111 | Mariotto et al. (2011) | Economic analysis | 13 772 000 | Cancer survivors | Cancer | Both | All ages | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs on HS | Health condition: Stage of the disease (terminal phase), type of cancer (woman: Breast, Men: prostate) / System. Health: Quality of health care |
112 | Chino et al. (2014) | A cross-sectional | 174 | Patients | Cancer | Both | > 21 | North America | USA | Local | Social | Quality of life + Poverty | Satisfaction with health care and experience of financial difficulties | Social: Low SES and age (older) / Sist. Health: Technical quality of health care |
113 | Bradley et al. (2005) | Case-control study | 496 | Cancer survivors | Cancer | Women | 30 to 64 | North America | USA | Local | Social | Employment level + Quality of life | Lower probability of employment and Health Condition | Social: Race (African-American), employment status (fewer working hours), time of diagnosis, and disease stage (advanced) |
114 | Yamauci et al. (2017) | A cross-sectional | Unidentified | Estimated population | Cancer | Both | 20 to 69 | Asia | Japan | Local | Economic | Indirect costs | Labor Productivity Loss Costs, Unemployment Costs, and Health Care Costs | Social: Sex (women) and employment status / Health condition: Type of cancer (CaMa) |
115 | Holm et al. (2013) | Cohort study | 3,439 | Patients | Cancer | Both | ≥ 18 | Europe | Denmark | Local | Social | Quality of life | Rehabilitation and Health Condition | Social: Sex (female), low educational level, low SES and living alone. |
116 | Torp et al. (2011) | Cohort study | 1,115 | Patients | Cancer | Both | 28 to 64 | Europe | Norway | Local | Social | Quality of work + Quality of life | Job Changes and Loss of Productivity Experience | Social: Sex (men), low support from the supervisor and high physical and psychological work demands. |
117 | Masià et al. (2019) | A cross-sectional | 175 | Patients | Cancer | Women | 32 to 70 | Europe | Spain | Local | Social | Support networks + Quality of life | Social support, Quality of life (sexual) and Loss of productivity and income | Health condition: Stage of the disease / Syst. Health: Quality of health care / Social: low SES |
118 | Dean et al. (2019) | A cross-sectional | 129 | Cancer survivors | Cancer | Women | Mean: 65 | North America | USA | Local | Economic-social | Direct medical costs + Poverty + Indirect costs | Out-of-pocket health expenses, Worst economic situation and costs due to lost labor productivity | Social: Age / Sist. Health: Access to health insurance and quality of care |
119 | Hanly et al. (2014) | Observational study | 8,067 | Deaths | Cancer | Both | 15 to 64 | Europe | Ireland | Local | Economic-social | Indirect Costs + Share Capital | Potential Years of Life Lost, Premature Death and economically active population | System Health: Quality of care and health coverage in medicines / Social: sex (both) |
120 | Darbà y Marsà (2019) | Economic analysis | 212,632 | Deaths | Cancer | Both | Not specified | Europe | Spain | Local | Economic | Indirect costs | Premature Death and Cost per Potential Years of Life Lost | Social: Sex (men) and age (50 to 59 years) |
121 | Max et al. (2002) | Economic analysis | 9,043 | Hospital discharges | Cancer | Men | Not specified | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Direct Medical Costs + Indirect Costs | Mainly hospitalizations and premature death | Social: Age ( > = 65 years), race (African American, Asian) / Health condition: Comorbidities / System. Health: Quality of health care |
122 | Saito et al. (2014) | A cross-sectional | 105 | Patients | Cancer | Women | 36 to 49 | Asia | Japan | Local | Social | Employment level | Less likely to be employed or unemployed | Social: Employment status (contract or part time). |
123 | Banning et al. (2009) | Qualitative study | 30 | Patients | Cancer | Women | 22 to 60 | Asia | Pakistan | Local | Social-Economic | Social exclusion + Quality of life + Direct medical costs | Social stigma, Quality of life (family care) and Catastrophic health expenses | Social: Age (younger single women), ignorance about CaMa and treatment, religious beliefs, no family support, financial situation, stigma and marital status (single women). |
124 | Collins et al. (2017) | A cross-sectional | 151 | Patients | Cancer | Both | 20 to 79 | Europe | Ireland | Local | Economic | Indirect Costs + Direct Medical Costs | Accessories, transport and complementary therapies. and Outpatient care and treatment | Social: Sex (female), age (> 50 years) and distance from health services (> 25 km) / Sist. Health: (WITHOUT) health insurance |
125 | Lerner et al. (2010) | Case-control study | Cases: 94 and Controls: 118 | Participants | Cancer | Women | 18 to 65 | North America | USA | Local | Social | Quality of life + Quality of work | Experience of work limitations, Experience of loss of PL and Experience of work absenteeism | Health condition: aHPV positive and physical limitations / Social: Marital status (married) and (less) years of education. |
126 | Arrossi et al. (2007) | A cross-sectional | 120 | Patients | Cancer | Women | Mean: 51 | Latin America | Argentina | Local | Social | Quality of life + Quality of work + Right to health | Quality of life, job changes and access to treatment | Social: Loss of income and poverty |
127 | Yabroff et al. (2009) | A cross-sectional | 688 | Caregivers | Cancer | Both | All ages | North America | USA | Local | Economic-social | Direct non-medical costs + Quality of life | Caregiver time costs. and Quality of life: double workload. | Social: Sex (woman/wife), low SES, educational level (less than high school), income (< 20,000 per year), employment status (employees) / Health condition: Type of cancer (lung, ovarian or Non Hodking lymphoma) |
128 | Leopold et al. (2018) | Cohort study | 5,364 | Patients | Cancer | Women | 25 to 64 | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs on HS | System Health: Type of health insurance (high deductible health plan) / Social: Employment status |
129 | Carlsen et al. (2014) | A cross-sectional | 14,750 | Cancer survivors | Cancer | Women | 18 to 57 | Europe | Denmark | Local | Social-Economic | Employment level + Indirect costs | Unemployment and Early Retirement | Social: Age (older age), marital status (single), employment status (unemployment before diagnosis), low educational level, low income and labor activity (manual work) / Health condition: With mental illness. |
130 | Lauzier et al. (2008) | Cohort study | 800 | Patients | Cancer | Women | 23 to 71 | North America | Canada | Local | Economic-social | Indirect Costs + Poverty | Loss of salary and worse economic situation (family) | Social: Low educational level, employment status (self-employment or partial), distance to health care services ( > = 50Km), social support networks (low) and time spent at work. / Health condition: Stage of the disease (metastasis) / Syst. Health: Quality of health care |
131 | de Boer et al. (2008) | A cross-sectional | 195 | Patients | Cancer | Both | Not specified | Europe | Holland | Local | Social | Quality of life + Quality of work | Less work ability, Work absenteeism experience and Return to work | Health condition: Low work ability and cognitive dysfunction / Syst. Health: Type tx (chemotherapy (+ radiotherapy) |
132 | Lewis et al. (2020) | Cohort study | 13 715 | Patients | Cancer | Women | Not specified | Oceania | Australia | Local | Social | Work quality + Gender equality repercussions | Labor changes, labor gender inequality (unpaid) and wage inequality | Social: Employment status (without paid work), remote areas, with a partner, with less education or with chronic health problems. |
133 | Weir et al. (2017) | A cross-sectional | 119,161 | Deaths | Cancer | Both | 50 to 74 | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Indirect costs | Potential Years of Life Lost and Potential Loss of Productivity | Social: Gender (male), race (Hispanic), and low-education counties. |
134 | Ekwueme et al. (2008) | A cross-sectional | 1,870 | Patients | Cancer | Both | Not specified | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Indirect costs | Mortality, Cost per Potential Years of Life Lost and costs due to lost labor productivity | Health condition: HPV-related cancers / Social: sex (female), age (30 to 34 years) and race (Anglo-Saxon) |
135 | Khorasani et al. (2015) | Economic analysis | 53,350 | Deaths | Cancer | Both | All ages | Asia | Iran | Local | Economic | Indirect costs | Premature death, Potential Years of Life Lost and Costs for Lost Labor Productivity | Social: Sex (men) / Health condition: Type of cancer |
136 | Reis Goncalves et al. (2018) | Economic analysis | Not specified | Patients | CKD | Both | ≥ 18 | Latin America | Brazil | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs on HS | Social: Sex (female), age (65–75), and race (blacks) |
137 | Foresti Lemos et al. (2015) | A cross-sectional | 170 | Patients | CKD | Both | 45 to 72 | Latin America | Brazil | Local | Social | Quality of life | Quality of life | Social: Sex (female), age (≥ 47 years) and low income. |
138 | Tsai et al. (2010) | A cross-sectional | Patients: 145 and Prescriptions: 8446 | Patients and prescriptions | CKD | Both | Not specified | Asia | Taiwan | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Costs derived from transplantation and Costs for prescriptions (medications) | Social: Sex (female) and age (≤ 40 years) |
139 | Devins et al. (1997) | A cross-sectional | 38 (19 couples) | Patients and couples | CKD | Both | Patient’s mean: 45.9 / Wife’s Mean: 40.6 | North America | Canada | Local | Social | Quality of life + Support networks | Quality of life, couple relationship and family relationship | Health condition: End-stage renal disease ( / Syst. Health: Quality of health care / Social: Sex (woman with ESRD). |
140 | Srivastava et al. (2013) | Economic analysis | Not specified | Estimated population | CVD | Both | All ages | Asia | India | Local | Economic | Direct Medical Costs + Indirect Costs | Mainly hospitalizations and Mortality in men | Social: Age (25–59 years), sex (men) and SES / Sist. Health: Type of health insurance (Private) |
141 | Ding et al. (2017) | Observational study | 10,301 | Hospitalized patients | CVD | Both | 52 to 67 | Asia | China | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs | System Health: Type of insurance scheme / Social: Sex (male), age and health condition |
142 | Sacks et al. (2020) | A cross-sectional | 5,466 | Records of medical and pharmaceutical claims | CVD | Both | 18 to 40 | North America | USA | Local | Social-Economic | Gender equality repercussions + Direct medical costs | Gender Inequity in Health Care and Health Care Expenditures | Social: Age (18 to 40 years) and sex (both) / Sist. Health: Type of service (emergencies and hospitalization) |
143 | Le et al. (2015) | A cross-sectional | 4,595 | Participants | CVD | Both | ≥ 18 | Asia | China | Local | Economic | Direct Medical Costs + Indirect Costs | Health care costs over HS, Health care costs and costs due to lost labor productivity | Social: Sex (male), higher level of education and community with high income |
144 | Tang et al. (2014) | Observational study | 5,750,440 | Estimated population | CVD | Both | ≥ 18 | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs on HS | Social: Age, sex (female), race or ethnicity (non-Hispanic white) |
145 | Yong et al. (2018) | Observational study | 49 588 | Patients | CVD | Both | 55 to 81 | Asia | China | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs on HS | System Health: Type of health insurance (BMISE) / Social: Sex (both), age (> 80 years), environment and low income |
146 | Klein et al. (2021) | A cross-sectional | 1 627 876 | Weighted population | CVD | Both | ≥ 18 | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs on HS | Health condition: Comorbidities / Social: Sex (female), age (> 75 years), marital status (married), educational level (high school), High income / Sist. Health: Type of insurance (public Medicare) |
147 | Ali et al. (2018) | Cohort study | 240 | Patients | CVD | Both | All ages | North America | Canada | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Consultations, studies and treatment and Out-of-pocket health expenses | Social: Sex (female) and educational level (low) |
148 | Essue et al. (2012) | Cohort study | 414 | Participants | CVD | Both | 18 to 65 | Oceania | Australia | Local | Social | Poverty + Quality of work | Experiencing financial hardship and Experiencing changes in income | Social: Habits (alcoholism), type of work (manual) and previous problems / Sist. Health: lack of health insurance |
149 | Salvatore et al. (2021) | Cohort study | 98,829 | Patients | CVD | Both | ≥ 1 | Europe | Italy | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs on HS | Social: Sex (men), advanced age / System. Health: Quality of health care / Health condition: acute myocardial infarction |
150 | Santamarina et al. (2012) | Review article | Not specified | Publications | CVD | Does not apply | Does not apply | Europe | Spain | Local | Social-Economic | Quality of life + Indirect costs | Health Condition, Care for Sickness and Disability | Social: Age (advanced age), sex (female), low SES / Syst. Health: No health insurance / Health condition: Comorbidities |
151 | Shaw et al. (2008) | Cohort study | 819 | Patients | CVD | Women | 21 to 83 | North America | USA | Local | Economic-social | Direct medical costs + Quality of life | Factors influence time of death/heart attack event, health care costs and quality of life | Social: Low income / System. Health: (WITHOUT) health insurance, affordability and accessibility |
152 | Conard et al. (2006) | A cross-sectional | 539 | Patients | CVD | Both | > 30 | North America | USA | Local | Social | Quality of life | Health condition | Social: Age (< 60 years) and lower household income (< 30,000 per year) |
153 | Sun et al. (2015) | A cross-sectional | 949 | Households | CVD | Both | All ages | Asia | China | Local | Economic-social | Direct Medical Costs + Poverty | Catastrophic health expenses: due to hospitalization and impoverishment | System Health: Beneficiary 1 program / Social: Age (> 60 years), low SES, hospitalized relative, occupation (farmer) and marital status (married). |
154 | Yu et al. (2021) | Cohort study | 101,252 | Patients | CVD | Both | 65 to 84 | North America | Canada | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs | Social: Sex (both), area: (non-rural), SES (low 2 quintiels). |
155 | Shaw et al. (2006) | Cohort study | 883 | Patients | CVD | Women | 45 to 76 | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs | Health Condition: Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease |
156 | Le et al. (2012) | A cross-sectional | 9,396 | Patients | CVD | Both | ≥ 18 | Asia | China | Local | Economic | Direct Medical Costs + Direct Non-Medical Costs + Indirect Costs + Intangible Costs | Medical and non-medical, Morbidity and mortality and Loss of income (Psychological) | Social: Sex (men) and age |
157 | Nevarez-Sida et al. (2017) | Cohort study | 283 | Patients | RespD | Both | Not specified | North America | Mexico | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs | Health condition: COPD stage (moderate or severe) |
158 | Chen et al. (2016) | A cross-sectional | 678 | Patients | RespD | Both | ≥ 60 | Asia | China | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs on HS | Social: Age / Health condition: Disease stage: COPD exacerbations and severity |
159 | Kirsch et al. (2019) | A cross-sectional | 39,307 | Patients | RespD | Both | All ages | Europe | Germany | Local | Economic | Direct Medical Costs + Indirect Costs | Costs of health care on HS, Costs due to work absenteeism and Early retirement | Health Condition: Comorbidities |
160 | Dalal et al. (2010) | Observational study | 37,089 | Patients | RespD | Both | Not specified | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs | Health condition: Exacerbations |
161 | Malo et al. (2011) | Observational study | 140 | Workers | RespD | Both | 28 to 53 | North America | Canada | Local | Economic-social | Indirect costs + Quality of life + Support networks | Loss of income, health condition and couple relationship | Social: Sex (men), age (older age), educational level (primary and secondary), marital status (married), employment status (early retirement) and active in rehabilitation program. |
162 | Løkke et al. (2014) | Case-control study | COPD: 171,557 / Controls: 664,821 | Patients and couples | RespD | Both | Not specified | Europe | Denmark | Local | Economic-social | Direct medical costs + Employment level + Quality of work | Costs of health care, Decrease in employment or couple unemployment, and Couple wage inequality | Social: Sex (both), age (65 years), working condition, low income and health expenses |
163 | Løkke et al. (2021) | Cohort study | 49,826 (paired: 196,623) | Patients and controls | RespD | Both | ≥ 40 | Europe | Denmark | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs | Health condition: Exacerbations |
164 | Lisspers et al. (2018) | Case-control study | COPD: 17,479 / Controls: 84,514 | Patients and controls | RespD | Both | ≥ 40 | Europe | Sweden | Local | Economic | Direct Medical Costs + Indirect Costs | Medications and hospitalization and Loss of income | Social: Age (50–55 years) / Health condition: Severe exacerbations |
165 | Srivastava et al. (2015) | Systematic review | 32 | Publications | RespD | Does not apply | Does not apply | Asia | India | Global | Social-Economic | Quality of life + Direct medical costs | Quality of Life and Health Care Costs | Health condition: symptomatic COPD (dyspnea) and comorbidities / Syst. Health: Quality of health care / Social: Age and sex (female) |
166 | Franco et al. (2009) | A cross-sectional | 180 | Patients | RespD | Both | All ages | Latin America | Brazil | Local | Economic-social | Direct Medical Costs + Indirect Costs + Poverty | Costs of health care (medications), Costs due to work absenteeism and Impoverishment | Health condition: Severe and uncontrolled asthma / Social: Work condition / Syst. Health: Access to health care programs |
167 | Nuño-Solinís et al. (2016) | A cross-sectional | 126,894 | Patients | T2DM | Both | ≥ 35 | Europe | Spain | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs | Social: Sex (men), age (80–84 years), low SES / Health condition: Comorbidities / System. Health: Type of health insurance and health institution. |
168 | Brown et al. (2007) | A cross-sectional | 639 | Participants | T2DM | Both | 35 to 64 | North America | USA | Local | Social | Employment level + Quality of life | Lower probability of employment and experience of lost productivity | Social: Sex (female), low educational level, being an immigrant and marital status |
169 | Elgart et al. (2014) | Observational study | 774 | Participants | T2DM | Both | 20 to 75 | Latin America | Argentina | Local | Economic | Direct Medical Costs + Indirect Costs | Costs of health care and Costs due to work absenteeism | Social: Work condition / Health condition: Complications from T2DM |
170 | Wong et al. (2018) | Cohort study | 10,649 | Patients | T2DM | Both | 68 to 90 | Asia | Hong Kong | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs on HS | Social: sex (both), age (> 85 years), ethnicity (Chinese vs. Non-Chinese) / health condition: T2DM with complications / System. Health: use serv. health (ambulatory) |
171 | ADA (2003) | Economic analysis | 12.1 millions | Estimated population | T2DM | Both | Not specified | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Direct Medical Costs + Indirect Costs | Health Care Costs, costs due to lost labor productivity, and Costs for Disability and Death | Social: sex (both) and age (≥ 65 years) / Health Condition: Cardiovascular complications / System. Health: Nursing care at home |
172 | Bertoldi et al. (2013) | Literature review | 42 | Publications | T2DM | Does not apply | Does not apply | Latin America | Brazil | Country | Economic-social | Indirect Costs + Direct Medical Costs + Share Capital | Cost per Potential Years of Life Lost, Health Care Costs, and Pop. economically active | Social: sex (both) / Sist. health: lack of coverage, inequity in access to medicine and health services / Social policy |
173 | König et al. (2021) | A cross-sectional | T2DM: 325 and Without T2DM: 4490 | Participants | T2DM | Both | 18 to 91 | Europe | Germany | Local | Economic | Direct Medical Costs + Indirect Costs | Costs of health care (medications), Costs due to work absenteeism and Early retirement | Social: Sex (male), high educational level, higher income/ Health condition: > 10 years with T2DM and complications |
174 | Wang et al. (2010) | A cross-sectional | 1,530 | Patients | T2DM | Both | Not specified | Asia | China | Local | Economic-social | Direct medical costs + Right to health | Determinants of direct costs, out-of-pocket health expenses and access to health insurance | System Health: Quality of health care |
175 | Cao et al. (2015) | A cross-sectional | 2,970 | Participants | T2DM | Both | Median age 57 | Asia | China | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Factors in hospitalization costs and health care costs (hospitalization) | Social: Age and sex (man) / Syst. Health: Type of health insurance (payment methods), hospital stay and admission status (urgency) / Health condition: Complications and surgery |
176 | Arredondo et al. (2013) | Observational study | 4,854,689 | Patients | T2DM | Both | All ages | North America | Mexico | Local | Economic | Direct Medical Costs + Indirect Costs | Costs of health care on HS (medications, nephropathies and diagnosis), Costs due to disability and Mortality | System Health: Type of health institution (IMSS), quality of care, equity and access to care. |
177 | Wu et al. (2018) | A cross-sectional | 19 015 | Patients | T2DM | Both | < 35 | Asia | China | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs | Social: Sex (man), age (> 50) and level of education (medium and higher) / Syst. Health: type of health insurance (rural residents) / Health condition: Complications > 1 |
178 | Ramachandran et al. (2007) | A cross-sectional | 556 | Patients | T2DM | Both | All ages | Asia | India | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs | Health condition: Duration of illness, complications / Syst. Health: Hospitalization, type of tx / Social: Setting (urban), income (low), SES (low) |
179 | Zhuo et al. (2013) | Cohort study | Not specified | Patients | T2DM | Both | ≥ 25 | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Direct Medical Costs + Indirect Costs | Health care costs and Morbidity and mortality | Social: Age and sex (female) / Health condition: Complications |
180 | Sittig et al. (2015) | Economic analysis | 19,311 | Patients | T2DM | Both | < 24 and > 75 | Europe | Germany | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Outpatient care and medications | Social: Sex (female) and (older) age / Syst. Health: Quality of health care |
181 | Lavigne et al. (2003) | A cross-sectional | 472: 78 with DM2 and 394 without DM2 | Participants | T2DM | Both | < 64 | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Indirect costs | Costs due to lost labor productivity | Social: Sex (female), employment status (evening shift) and job dissatisfaction (low income) |
182 | Williams et al. (2017) | A cross-sectional | 20,442 | Participants | T2DM | Both | ≥ 18 | North America | USA | Local | Economic | Direct medical costs | Health care costs | Social: Sex (female) / Health condition: T2DM Complications |
183 | Espinoza et al. (2020) | Qualitative study | 30 | Patients | T2DM | Both | Not specified | Latin America | Chile | Local | Social | Right to health + Quality of life | Quality of health care and health condition | System Health: Primary health care programs / Social: sex (both) |
184 | Le et al. (2013) | A cross-sectional | 9,396 | Participants | T2DM | Both | ≥ 18 | Asia | China | Local | Economic | Direct Medical Costs + Direct Non-Medical Costs + Indirect Costs + Intangible Costs | Medical and non-medical, Morbidity and mortality and Loss of income (Psychological) | Social: Sex (men), age, educational level |
185 | Seuring et al. (2015) | A cross-sectional | 14,529 | Patients | T2DM | Both | 25 to 64 | North America | Mexico | Local | Social | Employment level | Less likely to be employed or unemployed | Social: Sex (men), age (older age), employment status (informal work) and low SES. |