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Table 3 MAIHDA mental health estimates (and credibility intervals) with participants clustered by intersectional social strata

From: Intersectional inequalities in mental health by education, income, gender, and age before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands: a longitudinal study

 

Mental health score 2014

Mental health score 2021

Change in mental health score

(2014 to 2021)

Null model

(1 A)

Main Effects Model (1B)

Null model

(2 A)

Main Effects Model (2B)

Null model

(3 A)

Main Effects Model (3B)

N = 1,157

N = 1,157

N = 1,157

N = 1,157

N = 1,157

N = 1,157

Fixed effects

Estimate*

(95% CI)

Estimate*

(95% CI)

Estimate*

(95% CI)

Estimate*

(95% CI)

Estimate*

(95% CI)

Estimate*

(95% CI)

Intercept

73.9*

(72.5–75.2)

81.2*

(79.0–83.5)

73.0*

(71. 7–74.2)

77.1*

(74.7–79.5)

-1.0*

(-1.9 – -0.2)

-4.1*

(-6.3 – -1.8)

Low educational attainment

 

-0.8

(-3.3–1.6)

 

-1.1

(-3.7–1.5)

 

-0.3

(-2.7–2.0)

Intermediate educational attainment

 

-0.7

(-2.9–1.2)

 

-0.6

(-3.0–1.4)

 

0.1

(-2.1–1.9)

High educational attainment

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

Low income level

 

-6.9*

(-9.0 – -4.6)

 

-6.3*

(-8.6– -3.9)

 

0.6

(-1.5–2.8)

Intermediate income level

 

-2.3*

(-4.4 – -0.2)

 

-1.8

(-4.0–0.5)

 

0.5

(-1.5–2.5)

High income level

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

Young age (25–39)

 

-3.8*

(-6.3 – -1.3)

 

-1.3

(-4.0–1.4)

 

2.5*

(0.0–4.9)

Middle age (40–64)

 

-2.6*

(-4.7 – -0.5)

 

1.2

(-1.1–3.4)

 

3.8*

(1.7–5.8)

Old age (65+)

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

Female

 

-2.9*

(-4.6 – -1.1)

 

-1.9*

(-3.7 – -0.1)

 

1.0

(-0.6–2.8)

Male

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

Random effects

      

Between stratum variance (level 2)

11.1

(3.3–24.3)

0.2

(0.0–1.8)

7.2

(0.1–17.3)

0.4

(0.0–2.8)

0.6

(0.00–4.4)

0.3

(0.0–2.3)

Within stratum variance (level 1)

210.3

(193.1–228.2)

207.8

(192.1–225.2)

237.7

(218.2–257.6)

236.1

(218.2–255.8)

195.0

(179.5–210.6)

193.2

(178.5–209.5)

VPC in %

5.0%*

(1.5–10.4)

0.1%*

(0.0–0.8)

3.1%*

(0.00–7.1)

0.1%*

(0.0–1.2)

0.3%*

(0.0–2.3)

0.2%*

(0.0–1.2)

PCV in %

 

97.8%

 

95.4%

 

55.3%

  1. Notes: 95% CI = 95% Credible Interval. VPC = Variance Partition Coefficient. PCV = Proportional Change in Variance
  2. *denotes statistical significance based on the 95% CI