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Table 1 Characteristics of the hypertensive participants in relation to the multimorbidity prevalence

From: Gender disparities in physical, psychological, and cognitive multimorbidity among elderly hypertensive populations in rural regions

Variables

Total(%)

P(a)

Men

Women

Number of participants (%)

Prevalence of comorbidity

(95%CI)

P(b)

Number of participants (%)

Prevalence of comorbidity

(95%CI)

P(c)

All participants

18,447

(100.00)

 

7800(42.28)

30.64

(29.06-31.09)

 

10,647(57.72)

38.67

(37.75-39.60)

 

Age

 

<0.001

  

0.004

  

0.009

 65-79

15,810 (85.70)

 

6731 (86.29)

29.46

(28.37-30.57)

 

9079 (85.27)

38.15

(37.15-39.16)

 

 ≥80

2637 (14.30)

 

1069 (13.71)

33.86

(31.03-36.79)

 

1568 (14.73)

41.65

(39.19-44.13)

 

Household registration

 

<0.001

  

<0.001

  

0.058

 Urban

406 (2.20)

 

210 (2.69)

19.52

(14.39-25.54)

 

196 (1.84)

32.14

(25.67-39.17)

 

 Rural

18,041 (97.80)

 

7590 (97.31)

30.36

(29.32-31.40)

 

10451 (98.16)

38.79

(37.85-39.73)

 

Marital status

 

0.042

  

0.064

  

0.805

 Married

13,235 (71.75)

 

5983 (76.71)

29.53

(28.38-30.71)

 

7252 (68.11)

38.75

(37.62-39.88)

 

 Others

5212 (28.25)

 

1817 (23.29)

31.81

(29.67-34.01)

 

3395 (31.89)

38.50

(36.86-40.16)

 

Occupation

 

0.215

  

0.425

  

0.910

 Farmer

11,945 (64.75)

 

5289 (67.81)

29.78

(28.55-31.03)

 

6656 (62.52)

38.63

(37.45-39.81)

 

 Non-farmer

6502 (35.25)

 

2511 (32.19)

30.67

(28.87-32.51)

 

3991 (37.48)

38.74

(37.22-40.27)

 

Distance

 

<0.001

  

0.002

  

0.001

 <100

13,319 (72.20)

 

5669 (72.68)

29.00

(27.82-30.20)

 

7650 (71.85)

37.70

(36.61-38.80)

 

 100-300

2695 (14.61)

 

1131 (14.50)

34.04

(31.28-36.89)

 

1564 (14.69)

42.58

(40.12-45.08)

 

 >300

2433 (13.19)

 

1000 (12.82)

31.60

(28.73-34.58)

 

1433 (13.46)

39.57

(37.02-42.15)

 

Self-reported health status (EQ-5D)

75(60.00,80.00)

<0.001

80.00

(65.00, 80.00)

70.00

(60.00, 80.00)

<0.001

70.00 (60.00, 80.00)

70.00

(60.00, 80.00)

<0.001

Medication for hypertension

 

<0.001

  

<0.001

  

<0.001

 No

1799 (9.75)

 

862 (11.05)

19.61

(17.00-22.42)

 

937 (8.80)

29.56

(26.66-32.60)

 

 Yes

16,648 (90.25)

 

6938 (88.95)

31.36

(30.27-32.47)

 

9710 (91.20)

39.55

(38.57-40.53)

 

Duration of hypertension

 

<0.001

  

<0.001

  

<0.001

 0-5 years

5867 (31.80)

 

2719 (34.86)

24.31

(22.71-25.97)

 

3148 (29.57)

32.05

(30.42-33.71)

 

 6-15 years

8345 (45.24)

 

3522 (45.15)

33.30

(31.75-34.89)

 

4823 (45.30)

40.35

(38.96-41.75)

 

 ≥16 years

4235 (22.96)

 

1559 (19.99)

32.78

(30.45-35.17)

 

2676 (25.13)

43.42

(41.53-45.33)

 

WC

 

0.040

  

0.007

  

0.015

 Good

7595 (41.17)

 

3936 (50.46)

31.45

(30.00-32.93)

 

3659 (34.37)

37.09

(35.52-38.68)

 

 Poor

10,852 (58.83)

 

3864 (49.54)

28.65

(27.23-30.10)

 

6988 (65.63)

39.50

(38.35-40.65)

 

Hypertension

 

<0.001

  

0.321

  

0.001

 Normal

7,059 (38.30)

 

3129 (40.12)

29.43

(27.84-31.07)

 

3930 (36.91)

36.67

(35.16-38.20)

 

 Abnormal

11,388 (61.70)

 

4671 (59.88)

30.49

(29.17-31.83)

 

6717 (63.09)

39.84

(38.67-41.02)

 

Diet quality

 

<0.001

  

<0.001

  

0.002

 Unhealthy

13,101 (71.02)

 

5653 (72.47)

31.38

(30.17-32.61)

 

7448 (69.95)

39.65

(38.53-40.77)

 

 Healthy

5346 (28.98)

 

2147 (27.53)

26.60

(24.74-28.52)

 

3199 (30.05)

36.39

(34.72-38.08)

 

Sleep duration

 

<0.001

  

<0.001

  

<0.001

 Unhealthy

7083 (38.40)

 

2824 (36.21)

35.09

(33.33-36.88)

 

4259 (40.00)

44.07

(42.57-45.58)

 

 Healthy

11364 (61.60)

 

4976 (63.79)

27.21

(25.98-28.47)

 

6388 (60.00)

35.07

(33.89-36.25)

 

Smoking

 

<0.001

  

0.960

  

0.390

 Smoker

4508 (24.44)

 

4374 (56.08)

30.09

(28.73-31.47)

 

134 (1.26)

35.07

(27.04-43.79)

 

 Non-smoker

13939 (75.56)

 

3426 (43.92)

30.04

(28.50-31.60)

 

10513 (98.74)

38.71

(37.78-39.65)

 

Alcohol drinking

 

<0.001

  

<0.001

  

0.177

 Drinker

783 (4.24)

 

738 (9.46)

22.49

(19.53-25.68)

 

45 (0.42)

28.89

(16.37-44.31)

 

 Non-drinker

17,664 (95.76)

 

7062 (90.54)

30.86

(29.78-31.95)

 

10602 (99.58)

38.71

(37.78-39.64)

 

Sedentary time

 

<0.001

  

<0.001

  

<0.001

 Unhealthy

11,142 (60.40)

 

4642 (59.51)

33.02

(31.67-34.40)

 

6500 (61.05)

41.40

(40.20-42.61)

 

 Healthy

7305 (39.60)

 

3158 (40.49)

25.71

(24.20-27.27)

 

4147 (38.95)

34.39

(32.94-35.85)

 

physical activity

 

<0.001

  

<0.001

  

<0.001

 Non-ideal

5252 (28.47)

 

2532 (32.46)

39.93

(38.01-41.87)

 

2720 (25.55)

47.28

(45.39-49.18)

 

 Ideal

13,195 (71.53)

 

5268 (67.54)

25.32

(24.15-26.52)

 

7927 (74.45)

35.71

(34.66-36.78)

 

LTPA

 

<0.001

  

<0.001

  

<0.001

 Non-ideal

8451 (45.81)

 

3660 (46.92)

35.30

(33.75-36.87)

 

4791 (45.00)

43.35

(41.94-44.77)

 

 Ideal

9996 (54.19)

 

4140 (53.08)

25.43

(24.11-26.79)

 

5856 (55.00)

34.84

(33.62-36.07)

 
  1. CI Confidence interval, LTPA Leisure-time physical activity, WC Waist circumference; EQ-5D, EuroQol five dimensions questionnaire. (a) Differences between categories within each variable in total samples. (b) Differences between categories within each variable in men samples. (c) Differences between categories within each variable in women samples
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International Journal for Equity in Health

ISSN: 1475-9276

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