The community food environment as an effect modifier of the relationship between racial discrimination and food insecurity among adults in Southern Brazil

Table 2 Participants’ sociodemographic and economic characteristics and associations with food insecurity

			Food Insecurity				p-value
			Yes		No		p-value
Total n,%	400		205	51.2	195	47.8
Sex n,%							0.007
Men	100	25.0	39	39.0	61	61.0
Women	300	75.0	166	55.3	134	44.7
Age group (years) n,%							< 0.001
19–36	105	26.3	58	55.2	47	44.7
37–49	97	24.3	57	58.8	40	41.2
50–59	110	27.5	66	60.0	44	40.0
≥ 60	88	22.0	24	27.3	64	72.7
Education (years of schooling), n = 395 n,%							0.004
< 8	73	18.3	45	37.7	28	62.3
8–10	73	18.5	40	54.8	33	45.2
11	146	37.0	81	75.4	65	24.6
> 11	103	26.1	38	53.2	65	46.8
Family income (MMS) n,%							< 0.001
< 1	22	5.5	17	77.2	5	22.7
1–2	112	28.1	79	70.5	33	29.5
3–5	193	48.4	92	47.7	101	52.3
> 5	72	18.0	17	23.6	55	76.4
Race/skin color n,%							0.372
White	249	62.3	121	48.6	128	51.4
Black	78	19.5	41	53.2	37	46.8
Brown	73	18.3	42	57.5	31	42.5
EOD Mean, SD	2.40	5.43	2.93	5.91	1.84	4.82	< 0.05
Food environment (NEMS-S) n,%							0.002
Area 1 (lowest score)	108	27.0	61	56.5	47	43.5
Area 3	137	34.3	80	58.8	57	41.2
Area 2	51	12.7	26	51.0	25	49.0
Area 4 (highest score)	104	26.0	37	35.6	67	64.4

NEMS-S, Nutrition Environment Measures Survey in Stores; MMS: minimum monthly salary; EOD: Experiences of Discrimination scale

ISSN: 1475-9276